Carbureter for gas-engines.



H. J, POULf/(K.

CARBURETER FOR GAS ENGINES.

APPLICATION man JAN. 6, \913.

Patented May 15, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

H. J. P00LAK. CARBURETER FOR GAS ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.6,19I3.

1,226,366w Patented May15,191?.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H. .3. PODLESAK.

CARBURETER ma GAS ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 6. I913.

Patented May 15, 1917.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

matte- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that'I, HENRY J. Ponnnix,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the-county ofCook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usefulimprovements in Carbureters for,

Gas-Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactspecification;

This invention relates to carbureters for internal combustion engines,more generally known as gas engines.

In the operation of gas engines, it is of fore it passes into thecombustion chamber.

of an engine, has been a problem confronting those who are operatingengines using such heavier hydrocarbons as fuel. 1

' It is the object of my present invention to thoroughly .vaporize theoil fuel, espeoially the heavier hydrocarbons, such as kerosene, beforethe same enters the combustion chamber of an engine,

This object is accomplished by heating the mixture, kerosene or otherhydrocarbon and. air, in a preheater before said mixture enters thecombustion chamber. y

The invention is illustrated on the accompanying sheets of drawings, inwhich Figure 1 is a fragmentary end view ofan internal. combustionengine equipped with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary side view of the same;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of my improved carburetor taken in the planeof line 3--3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. e is a sec'tlonal viewof said carburetor taken in the plane of linek4 0i Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a partial sectional view of one.

portion of the carbureter taken in the planes of the irregular line 5-5of Fig. 3;

CBUEETER FOR GAS-ENGINES.-

Speclfication of Letters Patent.

tion will be apparent fron the descrip and drawings and will" beparticularly 6 is a sectional view of the mixing nann J. ronnnsan, orcnrcaoo, rumors, Assrenon, rir misnn ASSIGNMENT-S, 'ro INTERNATIONALnanvnsrnn conr'onerron, a QORPORATION or ivnw JEBSEY.

chamber taken in the plane of line16 ,6 .of' F 4 I e Fig. '7 is asectional view o f the taken in the planeof line 7-7 of Fig. 6;?

Fig. 9 is a view looking-intothe of the heater port1on' of: the:carburetor l V Patented May 15, 191 a ucationmea.ranuarye,i513. Serialno. 740,479.

wherein. the fuel is thoroughly vaporized and mixed with air. A Thevarious novel featuresof my pointed out in the appended claims. v Myinvention is illustrated in connection with a gas engine having acylinder 10' the end'hea'd 11 of which is securedmy improved carburetor12, including a casting i.

13 having a passageway 14 through,wliich fuel is adapted to flow, and apassageway;

15 through which water is adapte'dto' Jlow, said passageways beingseparated. by a-par-' tition 16. These two passageways 14 and 15eventually terminate in a single passage-. way or mixing chamber-17where the 7 air and water mixpreparatoryzto passing intothe combustionchamber ofthe engine.

Mounted ontop of the casting 13 is-a con-' duit 18 through which air maypass into.

the passageways 14 and-15. Secured toone side of the casting13 is areceptacle l) having a fuel reservoir 20 and a water reservoir 21.

fuel from any. desiredsourceth rouglran inlet pipev 22, the pressure ofthe fuel xbei'ng v The'fuel reservoir is supplied.-with maintainedconstant within said-fuel re'ser: voir due to the fact that the lattervis pro videdwith an overflow having an outletj 23. In like manner, the Avided with an inlet ipe24 and an over flow 25. .Fuel and water areadapted. to be drawn up and out through their corresponding nozzles 26and 27'upon the occurrence of every inhalation stroke of the gas'en- Q'gin. The fuel nozzle 26 is provided with a manually controlled needlevalve 28, and

the water nozzle 27 is also provided. with a p the castingv 13 are oilcontrolling valve 31 winter reservoir is 'proand water controlling valve32 located in the passageways 14 and 15 respectively. The water nozzle27 enters the air passages Way 15 at a point somowhatliigher the 11.39

fuel nozzle: 26 i enters the l-nlfifiilgtflitl) 14, and the valves 31and aremounted on the horizontal stem in a tnaimeinsueh that:

The casting is mounted upon another east ing33 having an irregular.passageway 34 registering with the exhaust pipe. 35 of the "gas engine,so that exhaust gases from the through the pipe 38. This rastingcombustionchamber of the engine canpass through the irregular passageway34, heat mg the walls, such as 36 and 37, of the ('asL.

lngill, the exhaust gases then passing (int "123 is aiso provided withaset ofpassagewaysilt and 3!), the former registering with the fuelpassageway H and with one end 40. ofanirregular passageway 40 in aremovable heaterjo'r member 41 which is normally secured to the side ofthe easting 33. The otlter'1mssage-- way 39 registers.with the other end40" of the irregular-passageway 40.

. This heater .41 rereives' its heat by eonduction lireetl-y from thewall 37 ot'the casting Eli-l. 'lhe heat is conducted through laterallyextending lugs or projeetions 42 and a ventral partition 44 \vlueltarelornied integrally. with the three-sided wall ill of the heater 41 sothat all parts ole-the heater ll.

mixed with the \\';llt'l' l'ront the water pas-" beeonte extrenu-ly hot.

'lhese lugs 42 are lorated in the irregular"passageway it) of the heateril to assist in thoroughly -mixing the l'ueL'sueh as kerosene andfair.At the StlHNFt-lll'lutl'lt' heated walls aiullugs of the "healer give uptheir heat to the mixture of fuel oil and airpassing theretlirough.eat|s-- ing the fuel oil to thoroughly vapm'ize before passing lrom theheater. The ventral parlition l-l ol the heater .-lll'ormsthe irregularpassageway l0 aml is also provided with extensions l5 \\'lll('ll alsoassist; in runsing the ai and l'lielinsaid heater to thorough y lnixamlvaporize. Alter the'heated mixture passes through the heater ll, it

sageway l5-in thepassageway'l7 whieh registers with a pipe H3. inwhieh'is lot-ated a throttle valve IT mounted ona stem is.

Seeured lo the valvestems Ill! and ln'itre arms -ll and 5H respe tivelyeonneeted bya as kerosene. ll it is desired to start the engine ongasolene, thesame may be inje 'ted 'intu the fuelpassageway 1 thegasolene vaporizing when mixed with air. It, how ever, it is desired tostart the engine on kerosene or some otherlu-awv hydrocarbon, heat'shotlld be applied to the. heater -l.l by some means, such as a tort-hl'or instanee, so that the heavy'hydroeai-lm'n fuel oil will bethoroughly vaporized upon passing' through said heater. ()t' eourse whenthe .engine is ont'e started the exhaust gases. as explained, raise theteidperatu're of the heater to an extremely higlh value t'or vaporizingpurposes. To start the engine, the water is completely shut oll' by theneedle valve 2!), air freely flowing down through passageway l-l,passing the l'ueli supply nozzh-BG, and drau'ingdhel'efront a eharge ofthe fuel oil. This inruslrofair and consequent eharge of fuel "oilllowing through the passageway H is eaused by the inhalation stroke ofthe pis- 'ton of the enginef After passing'thetuel nozzle 21', the fuelladen air flows through passageway 23%) and through the irregularpassageway ill-of the heater 41., where the fuel, .su'e as kerosene andair are thoroughly mixed and heated, the fuel therein being horoughlyvaporized. From the heater the vaporized fuel passes throught-hamber.thereby preventing-anywaste of,

the l'uel. .\l'teiabout ten minutes when the cylinder of: theengine isheated. the water is turned onjand adjusted through the agenev of needlevalve Zl). so that the proper amount ran How to mix with the vaporizedfuel after thelatter has pa tssed through the preheater,

the water and vaporized'l'uel then mixing in the passageway or mixingehamber 17, whit-h is the termination of the water conduit 15 on oneside and-the' eombined passageways l-l. 2511. H), and 3!) on thefuelside of the earluueter." .\l'ter the vaporized fuel and water have mixedin the passageway 17. all of the ingredients of the explosive mixtureare drawn into the rotnbustion-ehatnber.

The purpose of mixing water with the ex-.

plosive l'uel mixture is to render the fuel eomparatively lean amlto'prevent pre-igni tion of the explosivemixture. mallull load speed enditions, the valves are all full open. If now theload decreases, thespeed ol' the i-ngine will in'rrease and by meansof the-speed govt-rmall of the valves will be moved toward elosed position, therebv eausinga deerease. in the supply of air, luel and water. .\t l'rietion load thewater (-onti'olling valve :52 is elosed. preventing the admission ofwater and the fuel controlling,

Under norvalve is partly closed so as to reduce the volume of airpassing theretln'ough, causing a proportionate decrease in the supply offuel, it being necessary "that the explosive mixture be of aricherquality when the engine is working at friction load, at which time thereis low compression.

ln gas engines using gasolene for fuel, it is not ordinarily necessaryto preheat the gasolene and air mixtureprevious to the time itenters-the combustion chainher. llowever, in the eases/of gas enginesusing the heavier hydrocarbon oils for fuel, such as kerosene, it isnecessary to thoroughly vaporize the kerosene mixture 'previous to thetime it enters the combustion chamber for the purpose ofrrunning theengine at its highest elliciency and preventing loss of fuel, the fuel.if not completely vaporized, ordinarily leaking past the piston. By theuse of my preheater, all heavy hydrocarbon oils used asfuels can bethoroughly vaporized previous to the time they enter the combustionchamber of internal combustion engines, thereby making it possible foran engine to operate at the highest efficiency and preventing the lossof fuel. If any fuel oil'should collect in the bottom of the preheaterbefore the engine has had an opportunity to warm up in starting, suchfuel oil can be drained from the preheaterby witlulrawing aplug 58 inthe bottom of the preheater.

111 this particular case I have shown my preheater asheated by theexhaust gases coming from the combustion chamber. However, where oil,instead of water, is used for cooling the engine cylinder the oil, afterhaving been heated in the cylinder jacket can be utilized to heat themixture of fuel oil and air passing through the heater instead ofutilizing the exhaust gases for that purpose.

- There may be various modifications and arrangements of my inventionother than that herein specifically illustratedand clescribed, and it ismy intention to cover-all such. arrangements and modifications which donot depart from the spirit and scope of my invention as set forth in theappended claims. i

What I claim as new is:

1. In ascarbureter, the combination ofta member having two parallelpassagewaysf side by side, one for air and fuel, the other for air andwater, and means for heating the mixture of ai and fuel before the sameis mixed with. the air and water from the second passageway.

2. In a earbureter, the combination of a member having two associatedparallel passageways side by side, one fo' a and fuel, the other for airand water, and a heater having a passageway forming a continuation ofthe air and fuel passageway.

3. In a carbureter, the combination of a member having two parallelpassageways side" by side, one for air and fuel, the other for air andwater, a mixing chamber, and

a heater intermediate said air and fuel passageway and said mixingchamber in which the mixture of air and fuel is heated before mixingwith the mixture of air and water from the second passageway.

4. In a carburetor, the combination of a member having two passagewaysside by side, means for supplying fuel and air to one of saidpassageways and water and air to the other, an independent exhaustmember through which hot fluid passes, and means detachably secured tosaid member adapted to absorb heat therefrom and impart it to the fueland air passing therethrough for vaporizing the fuel and air mixturebefore being mixed with said water.

Chicago, 1a., Dec. 17, 1912. In testimony whereof] allix my signature,in the presence of two witnesses.

, nFN n J. PODLESAK.

Witnesses Jonn Kannazm, WALTER Douosn.

